MANMADE LAKES FOR FLOOD CONTROL AND AQUACULTURE

MANMADE LAKES FOR FLOOD CONTROL AND AQUACULTURE

One of the persistent challenges faced by many local government units (LGUs) and barangays in the Philippines is the threat of flooding and the need for sustainable water management. While there seems to be no specific law mandating LGUs to construct water embankments for flood control, various existing laws and policies suggest the importance of smart water management projects. However, the question remains: If LGUs are to build water embankments, why not take it a step further and construct manmade lakes that serve multiple purposes?

The Need for Water Management Infrastructure

For barangays and LGUs near bodies of water, a well-planned drainage system that redirects excess water to nearby rivers, lakes, or seas is a logical solution. However, for landlocked communities, water embankments are the only viable option to manage excess rainwater effectively. Rather than simply building embankments, these communities could develop manmade lakes that not only prevent flooding but also provide additional benefits.

Integrating Aquaculture with Flood Control

A well-designed manmade lake can serve as both a flood control mechanism and a hub for aquaculture. Across the globe, many successful projects combine these objectives, addressing both disaster resilience and food security. For instance, reservoirs in China are extensively used for aquaculture, producing significant amounts of fish while helping to regulate water levels. Similarly, Lake Kariba in Zambia and Zimbabwe serves as a key player in hydroelectric power generation, flood control, and a thriving fishing industry.

Additional Benefits: Irrigation, Potable Water, and Livelihoods

By incorporating irrigation components, these manmade lakes could also supply fresh water for agriculture, poultry, and livestock. With proper treatment and filtration, the stored water could even become a source of potable water for local communities. Furthermore, integrating duck farming and balut production around these lakes could provide an additional source of livelihood for residents, fostering economic growth.

Learning from Global Examples

Several notable manmade lakes around the world highlight the benefits of multi-purpose water infrastructure:

  • Lake Mead (USA): Created by the Hoover Dam, it serves flood control, water supply, and hydroelectric power generation.
  • Lake Volta (Ghana): One of the largest artificial lakes globally, contributing to hydroelectric power, irrigation, and aquaculture.
  • Lake Nasser (Egypt/Sudan): Established by the Aswan High Dam, it supports irrigation and a significant fishing industry.

The Case of the Philippines: Laguna de Bay

A key example in the Philippines is Laguna de Bay, which is heavily managed for flood control and aquaculture. The Manggahan Floodway diverts floodwaters into the lake, protecting Metro Manila from flooding. At the same time, the lake supports large-scale fish farming and provides irrigation and water supply functions. This demonstrates that integrated water management is not only feasible but essential for sustainable development.

Legal Framework and Policy Considerations

While no single law explicitly requires LGUs to build water embankments, existing legislation supports such initiatives:

  • Republic Act No. 10121 (Philippine Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Act of 2010) mandates LGUs to develop and implement local disaster risk reduction plans.
  • Republic Act No. 7160 (Local Government Code of 1991) grants LGUs the power to undertake infrastructure projects, including flood control.
  • Presidential Decree No. 1067 (Water Code of the Philippines) governs the use and management of water resources, supporting water conservation efforts.
  • Republic Act No. 9729 (Climate Change Act of 2009) and Republic Act No. 10742 (People’s Survival Fund) emphasize climate change adaptation strategies, including water retention and flood control projects.

Moving Forward: The Role of LGUs and Local Leaders

The success of such projects depends on how creative and forward-thinking local officials are. A holistic approach that includes rainwater harvesting, reforestation, and community involvement can maximize the benefits of manmade lakes. By taking inspiration from successful global and local models, LGUs can implement projects that not only protect communities from floods but also ensure food security, clean water access, and economic opportunities.

In conclusion, while there is no direct legal mandate for LGUs to construct water embankments, the need for proactive water management is undeniable. Rather than viewing flood control as a standalone issue, LGUs should consider a multi-purpose approach by building manmade lakes that serve as vital resources for aquaculture, irrigation, and community development. With strategic planning and policy support, these initiatives could transform water management in the Philippines, providing long-term solutions to both disaster resilience and economic growth.

Ramon Ike V. Seneres, www.facebook.com/ike.seneres
iseneres@yahoo.com, 09088877282, senseneres.blogspot.com

04-25-2025

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